The defeatist behaviors of addicts in adolescence from the point of view of teachers: the causes and Counseling processors
Authors
The study aimed to identify the defeatist behaviors of addicts in adolescence and youth in the teachers' perspective: their causes and their Counseling processors. The descriptive approach was used by the researcher and a random sample of teachers (270) was selected in the intermediate school. the researchers adapted the questionnaire as a tool to identify the reasons of addict's behaviors and extension treatment. The results of the research indicated the varied causes of the defeatist behavior of the addicts :The questionnaire included (41) reasons for the defeatist behavior, and the analysis of the extension treatments included (36) Counseling procedures descending order, and in the light of the results of the research, some conclusions, recommendations and suggestions crystallized .
Keywords:
Act of defeatism, Addicted students, Treatment methods, Counseling[1] Abu Ajwa, M. (2012). <دراسة مقارنة لبعض سمات الشخصية لدى مدمني ومروجي المخدرات والعاديين >. (Master Thesis), Faculty of Education, Islamic University, Gaza. (p.2). Retrieved from https://search.mandumah.com/Record/693600
[2] Badawi, A.I, & Saadat, M. F. (2016). < الآثار الصحية والنفسية لتعاطي شباب الجامعة للمواد المخدرة>. Conference of the Faculty of Sharia VI: drug abuse, causes, effects and treatment from an Islamic perspective, social and legal. Faculty of Sharia at An - Najah National University. Cairo Egypt. Retrieved from https://repository.najah.edu/handle/20.500.11888/10348
[3] sharbji, Wassen Abdul Hussein. (2010). < المخدرات والمجتمع تحديات متبادلة>. Center for Research on Childhood and Motherhood, Diyala University, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, p14.
[4] Tahawi, J. (2006). < ادمان الشباب على المخدرات الاسباب >. Abstract: Summaries of summaries of the University Youth Conference and the Scourge of Drugs, Zarqa University, Jordan.
[5] Hoffman, S. I., & Strauss, S. (1985). The development of children’s concepts of death. Death Studies, 9(5–6), 469–482. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481188508252538
[6] Andreasen, N. C., & Olsen, S. (1982). Negative v Positive Schizophrenia: Definition and Validation. Archives of General Psychiatry, 39(7), 789–794. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1982.04290070025006
[7] Couture, S. M., Blanchard, J. J., & Bennett, M. E. (2011). Negative expectancy appraisals and defeatist performance beliefs and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research, 189(1), 43–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2011.05.032
[8] Beck, A. T., & Dozois, D. J. (2011). Cognitive therapy: current status and future directions. Annual review of medicine, 62, 397-409. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-med-052209-100032
[9] Michalak, L., & Trocki, K. (2018). Alcohol and Islam: An Overview. Contemporary Drug Problems, 33(4), 523–562. https://doi.org/10.1177/009145090603300401
[10] Olsen, C. M. (2011). Natural rewards, neuroplasticity, and non-drug addictions. Neuropharmacology. doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.03.010
[11] Ahmed, Ahmed Kamal. and Solomon, Adly. (1963). < الخدمة الاجتماعية والمجتمع >. Cairo, Modern Cairo Library. https://tinyurl.com/y6qzha39
[12] Mostaghim, A., & Hathaway, A. D. (2013). Identity formation, marijuana and “the self”: A study of cannabis normalization among university students. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 4(DEC). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00160
[13] Khalifa, Sarra & Issawi, Fella. (2018). < ظاهرة تعاطي المخدرات: المفهوم، الأضرار العلاج >. Journal of Studies of the University of Ammar Thligi Algwat, Algeria, International.
[14] Peele, S. (1992). The Truth About Addiction and Recovery. In the Truth About Addiction and Recovery (pp. 19–46).
[15] Rikabi. L. Y. (2011). < اسباب تعاطي المواد المخدرة لدى طلبة المرحلة الاعدادية >. Psychological Science, (19), 75-106. https://www.iasj.net/iasj?func=fulltext&aId=2727
[16] National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2012). Treatment approaches for drug addiction. National Institutes of Health. Retrieved from https://www.drugabuse.gov/sites/default/files/df_treatmentapproaches_1_2016.pdf
[17] Ibrahim, Abdul Sattar. (1998). < الاكتئاب ... اضطراب العصر الحديث فهمه وأساليب علاجه >. National Council for Culture, Arts and Letters, Kuwait. http://maktabatalfeker.com/upload/239-%20________________.pdf
[18] Mohammed, H. H. (2016). < الأفكار اللاعقلانية وعلاقتها بالسلوك الانهزامي لدى طالبات رياض الأطفال في كلية التربية الأساسية >. Journal of College of Education, Wasit,1(24), 321-362. https://www.iasj.net/iasj?func=article&aId=113800
[19] Najjar, F. (2005). < أضواء إسلامية>. Dar Al Fadila Publications, Riyadh (1th). https://archive.org/download/85145/709.pdf
[20] Kieling, C., Baker-Henningham, H., Belfer, M., Conti, G., Ertem, I., Omigbodun, O., … Rahman, A. (2011, October 22). Child and adolescent mental health worldwide: Evidence for action. The Lancet. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60827-1
[21] Spooner, C. (1999, December). Causes and correlates of adolescent drug abuse and implications for treatment. Drug and Alcohol Review. https://doi.org/10.1080/09595239996329
[22] Al-Dmrdash. A. (1982). < الإدمان مظاهره وعلاجه >. A series of cultural books published monthly by the National Council for Culture, Arts and Letters Kuwait. http://iqra.ahlamontada.com/t1255-topic
[23] Baumeister, R. F., & Scher, S. J. (1988). Self-Defeating Behavior Patterns Among Normal Individuals: Review and Analysis of Common Self-Destructive Tendencies. Psychological Bulletin, 104(1), 3–22. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.104.1.3
[24] Mervis, J. E., Lysaker, P. H., Fiszdon, J. M., Bell, M. D., Chue, A. E., Pauls, C., … Choi, J. (2016). Addressing defeatist beliefs in work rehabilitation. Journal of Mental Health, 25(4), 366–371. https://doi.org/10.3109/09638237.2016.1139069
[25] Sharif, H. M. (2015). < المؤشرات السيكوباتية لدى المراهق مدمن المخدرات >. Master Thesis, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Mohammed Khudair University, skra. http://dspace.univ-biskra.dz:8080/jspui/bitstream/123456789/6939/1/45.pdf
[26] Daniel, E., & Benish-Weisman, M. (2019). Value development during adolescence: Dimensions of change and stability. Journal of Personality, 87(3), 620–632. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12420
[27] Waller, J. (2017). Composition. In Bad Arguments: 50 Common Fallacies and How to Avoid Them (pp. 250–251). wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119165811.ch53
[28] Anis, I. and Montaser, A. and Sawalhi, A. and Ahmed, M. K. (2004). < المعجم الوسيط>. Arabic Language Complex, Shurooq International Library, 4(1th), https://archive.org/details/WAQmowa
[29] Campellone, T. R., Sanchez, A. H., & Kring, A. M. (2016). Defeatist Performance Beliefs, Negative Symptoms, and Functional Outcome in Schizophrenia: A Meta-analytic Review. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 42(6), 1343–1352. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbw026
[30] Mittal, V. A., & Walker, E. F. (2011, August 30). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Psychiatry Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2011.06.006
[31] Abu Halawa, Mohamed El Said Abdel Gawad. (2012). < الهزيمة النفسية: ماهيتها ، مؤشراتها ، محدداتها ، تداعياتها و الوقاية منها: دراسة في بناء المفهوم >. Majallat al-Dirāsāt al-Tarbawīyah wa-al-Insanīyah.4 (3), pp.177-262. https://platform.almanhal.com/details/article/67355
[32] Al Assami, Riyad. (2017). < سمات الشخصية الانهزامية >. Retrieved on April 2019 from https://www.facebook.com/1476498442377549/posts/1678474902179901/
[33] Sakhsouk, Hassan. (2014). < فعالية برنامج إرشاد مصغر للتعامل مع بعض المشكلات النفسية لدى طلاب وطالبات الجامعة >. (Doctoral Thesis), University of Setif 2, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Algeria. https://www.univ-setif2.dz/images/PDF/doctorat/Ds1(2).pdf
[34] Reich, J. (1987). Prevalence of DSM-III-R self-defeating (masochistic) personality disorder in normal and outpatient populations. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 175(1), 52-54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005053-198701000-00009
[35] Khalifa, Najm Abdul. (2012). < عوامل ظاهرة الإدمان ... الأسباب والوقاية >. Azzaman International Newspape, Issue 4193, Retrieved on April 2019 from https://tinyurl.com/y66dbhx4
[36] Dearing, R. L., Stuewig, J., & Tangney, J. P. (2005). On the importance of distinguishing shame from guilt: Relations to problematic alcohol and drug use. Addictive Behaviors, 30(7), 1392–1404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2005.02.002
[37] Treatment Approaches for Drug Addiction. (2009, September 1). Retrieved November 13, 2015,from https://d14rmgtrwzf5a.cloudfront.net/sites/default/files/drugfacts_treatmentapproaches.pdf
[38] Dunn, C., Deroo, L., & Rivara, F. P. (2001). The use of brief interventions adapted from motivational interviewing across behavioral domains: A systematic review. Addiction. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1360-0443.2001.961217253.x
[39] Kelly, T. H., Robbins, G., Martin, C. A., Fillmore, M. T., Lane, S. D., Harrington, N. G., & Rush, C. R. (2006). Individual differences in drug abuse vulnerability: D-amphetamine and sensation-seeking status. Psychopharmacology, 189(1), 17–25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-006-0487-z
[40] Potenza, M. N., Koran, L. M., & Pallanti, S. (2009). The relationship between impulse-control disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorder: A current understanding and future research directions. Psychiatry Research, 170(1), 22–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2008.06.036
[41] Abdul Latif, R. A. (2007). < الاساليب الوقائية لمواجهة مشكلة تعاطي المخدرات >. Symposium on the Role of Educational Institutions in Reducing Drug Abuse, Center for Studies and Research, Department of Seminars and Scientific Meetings, Naif Arab University for Security Sciences, 14-16 / 3/1428. https://repository.nauss.edu.sa/bitstream/handle/123456789/54257/EB_439.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
[42] Barakat. B. (2009). < مظاهر السلوك السلبي لدى تلاميذ المرحلة الاساسية من وجهة نظر المعلمين واساليب مواجهتهم لها >. Al-Quds Open University, Tulkarem Educational Zone. https://www.ouarsenis.com/up/uploads/ouarsenis.com144725983157641.pdf
[43] Doyle, K. A. (2011). Albert Ellis and Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy: A Personal Reflection. Journal of Rational - Emotive and Cognitive - Behavior Therapy, 29(4), 207–210. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10942-011-0141-5
[44] Ellis, A. (2006). Rational emotive behavior therapy and the mindfulness-based stress reduction training of Jon Kabat-Zinn. Journal of Rational - Emotive and Cognitive - Behavior Therapy, 24(1), 63–78. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10942-006-0024-3
[45] Ellis, A. (1980). Rational-emotive therapy and cognitive behavior therapy: Similarities and differences. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 4(4), 325–340. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01178210
[46] Al-Ghamdi, H. A. (2011). < فنيات العلاج المعرفي السلوكي>. Retrieve, date March 2019, From https://acofps.com/vb/90764.html
[47] Tosti, G. (2006). The Sociological Theories of Gabriel Tarde. Political Science Quarterly, 12(3), 490. https://doi.org/10.2307/2139668
[48] Hjelle, L. A., & Ziegler, D. J. (1992). Personality theories : basic assumptions, research, and applications. McGraw-Hill College (pp. 440–486). Retrieved from http://psycnet.apa.org.ezprimo1.idc.ac.il/record/1992-97146-000
[49] Levant, R. F., & Hasan, N. T. (2008). Evidence-Based Practice in Psychology. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 39(6), 658–662. https://doi.org/10.1037/0735-7028.39.6.658
[50] Sadeghi, F. (2014). < الآثار النفسية للإدمان على المخدرات >. Journal of Psychological and Educational Studies. (2014), Tamanrasset University Center. Algeria. https://platform.almanhal.com/Files/2/106216
[51] Kassem, M. M. (1999). < المدخل الى مناهج البحث العلمي >. Dar Al Nahda Arab Printing & Publishing. https://archive.org/download/85149/937.pdf
License
Copyright (c) 2019 Journal Port Science Research

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
- Published: 2019-08-27
- Issue: Vol. 2 No. 1 (2019): Ministry of Education Iraqi Directorate of Education Baghdad Karkh III First Conference Department of Preparation and Training Division of Research and Studies
- Section: Articles








